Normal Findings Specific Gravity: 1.020 (Normal: 1.005–1.025) ✔️ pH: 6.0 (Normal: 5.0–7.0) ✔️ Glucose: Negative ✔️ Protein: Negative ✔️ Ketones: Negative ✔️ Bilirubin: Negative ✔️ Nitrite: Negative ✔️ Abnormal Findings 1. Leukocytes: 2+ (Positive) Leukocytes are white blood cells. A positive result usually indicates: Urinary tract infection (UTI) Inflammation in the urinary tract 2. White Blood Cells (WBC): 23.3/µL Reference Range: 0–17/µL Elevated (High) Supports the possibility of infection or inflammation. 3. Blood/Hgb: 1+ Small amount of blood detected in the urine. Can occur with: UTI Kidney stones Menstruation contamination (if applicable) Other urinary tract conditions 4. Bacteria: 2426.8/µL Reference Range: 0–278/µL Significantly elevated. Strongly suggests bacterial presence in the urine. 5. Epithelial Cells: 63.7/µL Reference Range: 0–17/µL High epithelial cells may mean: Contamination of the urine sample during collection Irritation or inflammation of the urinary tract from AI, may UTI
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